VIMS Health Science Journal

Quality of Life among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the Modified Diabetes Quality of Life (MDQOL-17): An Observational Study

Dr. Simran Singh — 2024-03-28

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder that requires constant management. To achieve good metabolic control and avoid acute and chronic complications, the patient must follow a diet plan, up their physical activity, and take medication. A growing amount of research on the impact of diabetes on health-related quality of life. Patient health, complications, and attitude all have an effect on health-related quality life of either directly or indirectly. Aim: To find out which aspects of life are commonly affected among patients with Diabetes using MDQoL-17 scale. Methodology: 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus type II participated in the study. Patients with associated comorbid conditions were excluded. MDQoL-17 Scale was then administered on the patients. The entire inquiry was delivered in a language that the patient could understand, and their responses were recorded on the scale. Each domain's percentage of the overall score was computed. Results: According to the answer to the affirmative question number 4, which indicates daily activity, more patients in this study engaged in daily activities that improved their quality of life (75%) than did not. According to the results of negative question 16 (which implies financial stress), (56%) of the patients had this problem, making it difficult for them to receive the appropriate care. Conclusion: Study concludes that specific aspects of QOL that has been found affected than other after diabetes are Physical, Role Physical, Role Emotional, Social and General Health. Resolution of the factors associated with these aspects will help to improve the quality of life in these patients

Effect of Musculoskeletal Disorders on ADLs of Patients with Diabetes

Sakshi Chandrakant Akare — 2023-06-30

Background: An increased prevalence of musculoskeletal disease is recognised in diabetes and is a common source of disability. It is known to predominantly affect the upper limbs especially the hand and shoulder. The relationship with other complications of diabetes and glycaemic control is uncertain. Physical disability is a useful measure of the overall effect of diabetes on health. Disability can be defined in several ways, including difficulties with activities of daily living (ADL), difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mobility limitations. Therefore, in this study, the effect of musculoskeletal disorder on patients with diabetes was investigated. Objective: To evaluate the effect of musculoskeletal disorders on ADLs of patients with diabetes. Method: After getting the ethical approval from the institutional ethical committee, subjects were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects willing to participate in the study were enrolled and a written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Demographics of the patients were noted in the data collection sheet. ADLs, IADLs and Nordic scale were taken on patients. Result: Mostly involved joint is shoulder joint and knee joint and due to this patient face difficulty in their ADLs like overhead activities (dressing and bathing) and toileting. Conclusion: The risk of musculoskeletal disorders is more in diabetic patients due to poor glycemic control and according to the involved joint they face difficulty in their activities of daily living.

Quality of life in patients with total knee replacement - A Cross-Sectional Study

Dr. Shantanu Shirude — 2023-06-30

Background: The study is based on the Quality of life in patients operated with total knee replacement between 50 to 65 years. Total knee replacement is one of the common procedures performed globally and is considered cost-effective with excellent long-term survivorship. Although most patients have a favorable clinical outcome after TKR, several studies have reported that more than 20% of patients are dissatisfied with the outcome after the procedure. Therefore, measuring patients' Quality of life and their perception of the procedure is paramount to improving this procedure and increasing the proportion of patients who have successful outcomes and improved Quality of life. Methods: Patients operated with total knee replacement were included in the study and were screened with inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 20 individuals were assessed by using the Oxford knee score questionnaire, and their responses were noted. The result was found by descriptive statistical analysis. Result: On analysis using descriptive statistical analysis, the mean score of Oxford Knee Score is 30.95. Hence, the Quality of Life is considered fair in patients at 2 months after total knee replacement. Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that Quality of life remains fair in patients at 2 months after being operated with total knee replacement at a tertiary care hospital.

Methylmalonic acidemia: A Rare Case Report from Rural India

Dr. Neha Khadke — 2023-06-30

Methylmalonic acidemia is an autosomal recessive disorder of amino acid metabolism, involving a defect in the conversion of methylmalonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) to succinyl-CoA. Patients typically present at the age of 1 month to 1 year since symptoms usually do not present themselves until proteins are added to the infant's diet.We report a case of 4.5-month-old male, was brought to the hospital by the relatives with a history of GTCS type of convulsions. Child suspected to have been diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism so workup for the same done and patient diagnosed with methylmalonic acidemia. Many cases of inborn error of metabolism are asymptomatic and undetected. This case highlights the importance of considering methylmalonic academia in newborn screening program for early detection and timely intervention, which help to improve survival and prevent children from developmental and metabolic abnormalities.

Neonatal Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis: A Case Report

Dr. Snehal S. Jagtap — 2023-06-30

Neonatal cerebral sino-venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare disorder, associated with long-term neurological sequelae. Cerebral sino-venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a focal or diffuse disruption of cerebral blood flow secondary to occlusion of cerebral veins and/or sinuses. The most commonly presented clinical manifestations were feeding difficulties, lethargy, respiratory distress, loss of consciousness, and seizures. Here we report one such rare case of Neonatal Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis in a full-term male admitted to the NICU in view of respiratory distress due to meconium-stained liquor and cried immediately after birth. The baby had convulsions on day 5 of life, MRI Brain was done and reported as multifocal areas of diffusion on restriction and large areas of diffusion restriction involving various parts of brain. Subcutaneous low molecular heparin was started. There is limited literature describing outcomes: 60?80% of all infants have some neurological deficits; cognitive impairment is reported in 10?60%, and epilepsy in 30?40%.

Congenital Dentigerous cyst: A Rare Case Report

Dr. Rishabsingh Deo — 2023-06-30

Dentigerous cysts comprise the second most common type of odontogenic cysts, after radicular cysts, representing nearly 20% of all the true jaw cysts. A vast majority of the dentigerous cysts are associated with impacted permanent teeth. We report a case of full term one day old male neonate, presented with an intraoral mass in the anterior sector of the mandible suggestive of Dentigerous cysts. Our case, which is a rare presentation of dentigerous cyst in a 1 day old neonate—the earliest case to be documented—points to the fact that the cyst may be manifested even before the eruption of the first permanent tooth, and can be actually associated with it.

Stem Cell Therapy - Current Scenario, Challenges and Future in India: A Review

Dr. Amrut A. Swami — 2023-06-30

This review paper explores the evolving landscape of stem cell therapy in India and globally. Key points included in this review are the historical development of stem cell therapy, diverse sources of stem cells, the current global landscape encompassing research, regenerative medicine, clinical trials, and ethical considerations. India's active involvement in stem cell research, government initiatives, and the cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood stem cells are highlighted. The paper discusses stem cell therapy's potential in addressing ALS, neuroinflammation, and COVID-19. It concludes by emphasizing the promising future of stem cell therapy, highlighting the need for robust clinical trials and ethical considerations. This concise overview provides insights into the state and potential of stem cell therapy in India and worldwide.

Pre and Probiotics In Paediatrics

Dr. Hamza Solkar — 2023-06-30

Microbes are all around us and play a significant role in both our overall health and the health of the planet. The interest in adding probiotics and prebiotics to nutritional goods has developed as a result of efforts to improve the internal microbial environment. Probiotic and prebiotic use and effectiveness should be supported by evidence-based medicine, just like with antibiotics. This clinical report's goal is to evaluate the medical applications of probiotics and prebiotics and to provide a summary of what is currently known regarding the health advantages of including them as dietary supplements in foods marketed to children, such as infant formula. The guidance in this report will help paediatric health care providers to make appropriate decisions regarding the usefulness and benefit of probiotics and prebiotics for their patients.