A Retrospective Cross Sectional Study To Evaluate The Impact Of Hba1c On Diabetic Retinopathy In Presence Of The Other Comorbid Factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46858/dvvpf.j.Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Retinopathy, Sugar Control, HbA1c, Complications of DiabetesAbstract
Background: India is having the highest prevalence of diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of T2DM. HbA1c is a measure of average glycaemia during the prior 6–10 weeks. This study has been carried out to evaluate the impact of HbA1c on diabetic retinopathy. Methodology: Retrospective Cross sectional study, in Tertiary care centre in Gujarat. 1198 cases of diabetic retinopathy were evaluated from the medical records department and studied thoroughly for the study parameters. Sampling Technique was convenience Sampling. Results: We had a total of 780 males & 418 females in our study. Majority of the patients (51.50%) were from the age group of 40-59 years. Our study observed a majority of patients (96.24%) had Type2 DM, while rest (3.76%) had Type1 DM. We had majority of the patients (39.57%) with duration of DM of more than 10 years. Many patients in our study (38.98%) also had hypertension while few of them (8.18%) had Dyslipedemia. Majority of our study patients (78.80%) were diagnosed of not having diabetic retinopathy while the rest 21.20% were diagnosed of having the diabetic retinopathy. Significant correlation was seen between the types of diabetes, Hba1c levels and presence or absence of Diabetic retinopathy. With more number of cases of diabetic retinopathy in low sugar control and type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to better sugar control patients (p < 0.001). Significant correlation was seen between the age groups, HbA1c levels and presence of diabetic retinopathy. With the advanced age and higher Hba1c levels, there are more chances of diabetic retinopathy (p < 0.001). Significant correlation was seen between the Hypertension, dyslipedemia & Hba1c in patients found positive for diabetic retinopathy with fundoscopic examination. This shows more chances of diabetic retinopathy in patients who have poor sugar control with other comorbidities. Many studies show similar results as our study. Conclusion: We encountered a 21.20% of patients had diabetic retinopathy. We conclude that strict sugar control is necessary in preventing the diabetic retinopathy along with a watch on modifiable risk factors.
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