A Retrospective Study of Clinical Profile of New Cases of Leprosy In Patients Visiting Medical College & Hospital, Ahmednagar
Keywords:
Leprosy, Acid fast bacilli, Hansen’s diseaseAbstract
Background: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is a chronic infectious disease, considered a major public health problem because of its capacity to cause permanent disabilities, with the social consequences of discrimination and stigma. Leprosy declared eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2006. However, smear-positive leprosy cases are frequently being encountered. Materials & Methods: This is a 5-year retrospective analysis done to study the clinical profile of new cases of leprosy in and around Ahmednagar district. Results: A data of total 46 new cases registered during said period were analyzed. The male-female ratio was 3.1:1, which comprised 35 males and 11 females. Maximum number of cases belonged to the age group of 21- 40 years (45.65%) and 41-60 years (28.26%). Pauci bacillary group of cases were 27 (58.70%), while 19 (41.30%) were multibacillary group of cases. Out of all the 46 cases 5(10.87%) patients presented with type 2 lepra reactions, 13 (28.26%) cases were presented with deformities and 1 case presented with features suggestive of tenosynovitis. Slit skin smear (SSS) was positive for acid fast bacilli (AFB) in 21 (45.65 %) patients. Conclusion: Although India has achieved the WHO goal of leprosy elimination since 2005 and leprosy incidence has declined after MDT, yet new cases continue to present in alarming number. Early detection & proper reporting of new cases is required to reflect the status of leprosy in post eradication era.
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