Polio Endgame -Global Switch from tOPV to bOPV: A Critical Step On Polio Eradication

Authors

  • Dr. Liza Bulsara
  • Dr. Sunil Mhaske
  • Dr. Amit Italiya
  • Dr. Vishnu Kadam

Keywords:

Eradication, Immunization, Inactivate Polio Vaccine, Oral Polio Vaccine, Polio, Poliomyeilitis, Switch

Abstract

Globally polio cases have reached an all time low and type 2 poliovirus (one of three) is eradicated. Oral polio vaccine (OPV) has been the primary tool, however, in rare cases, OPV induces paralysis. In 2013 the world health assembly endorsed the phased withdrawal of OPV and introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) into childhood routine immunization schedules. Type 2 OPV will be withdrawn through a globally synchronized “switch” from trivalent OPV (all three types)  to bivalent OPV (types 1 & 3). The switch will happen in 155 OPV using countries between April 17 (th) and May 1(st) 2016. Planned activities to reduce type 2 outbreaks risks post-switch include the following: tOPV campaigns to increase type 2 immunity prior to the switch, monovalent OPV2stockpiling to respond to outbreaks should they occur, containment of both wild and vaccine type 2 viruses, enhanced acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and environmental surveillance, outbreak response protocols and ensured access to IPV & bivalent OPV.

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References

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Published

2016-09-15

How to Cite

Bulsara, D. L., Mhaske, D. S. ., Italiya, D. A. ., & Kadam, D. V. . (2016). Polio Endgame -Global Switch from tOPV to bOPV: A Critical Step On Polio Eradication. VIMS Health Science Journal, 3(3), 125–128. Retrieved from https://vimshsj.edu.in/index.php/main/article/view/148

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016): September

Section

Review Articles
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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