Impact of Educational Intervention on Rational Antibiotic Use In Pediatric Ward
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46858/vimshsj.8305Keywords:
Educational intervention, Rational antibiotic use, AntimicrobialsAbstract
Introduction: Antibiotics are a class of natural and synthetic compounds that inhibit the growth of or kill other microorganisms. Overuse of antibiotic is one of the most important factors for the development and spread of resistance in the hospital, as well as in the community. Present study was designed to describe antibiotic use in children and to assess the impact of an educational intervention on antibiotic prescription. Methods: The present study was conducted in pediatric ward of a tertiary care institute. The study population included two groups of children – each having 250 children. The first group consisted of 250 consecutive children admitted in one unit of the pediatric ward and they were analyzed for antibiotic use without any prior priming of the members of the unit regarding rationality of antibiotic use. This was followed by an intervention in the form of a 3hour workshop for all members of the unit. The second group included another 250 children consecutively admitted in the wards after this intervention. Results: In Pre intervention group 55 (44%) children received antibiotics in rational way, while in Post intervention group 90(60.40%) children received antibiotic in rational way. One hundred and thirty-six children (49.4%) received antibiotics for respiratory tract infections, this being the commonest disease for which antibiotics were received. As seen in the table, unindicated use of antibiotic was significantly reduced in Post intervention group (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The present study included 500 children. There were 285 (57%) males and 215 (43%) females. Amongst these 500 patients, 178 (35.6%) were below 1 year of age. This group had the highest number of patients. In the Pre intervention group, 55 (44%) children received antibiotics rationally, while in Post intervention group 90(60.40%) children received antibiotic rationally.
Downloads
References
Tenover FC, Hughes JM. The challenges of emerging infectious diseases: development and spread of multiply-resistant bacterial pathogens. Jama. 1996 Jan 24;275(4):300-4.
Jernigan DB, Cetron MS, Breiman RF. Minimizing the impact of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP): a strategy from the DRSP working group. Jama. 1996 Jan 17;275(3):206-9.
Liss RH, Batchelor FR. Economic Evaluations of Antibiotic Use and Resistance: A Perspective: Report of Task Force 6. Reviews of infectious Diseases. 1987 May 1:S297-312.
Ostini R, Hegney D, Jackson C, Williamson M, Mackson JM, Gurman K, Hall W, Tett SE. Systematic review of interventions to improve prescribing. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Mar;43(3):502-13.
Laing R, Waning B, Gray A, Ford N, Hoen ET. 25 years of the WHO essential medicines lists: progress and challenges. The Lancet. 2003 May 17;361(9370):1723-9.
How to Investigate Antimicrobial Drug Use in Hospitals Selected Indicators Working Draft May 2001Draft published for the U.S. Agency for International Development by the Rational Pharmaceutical Management Plus Program.Arlington,VA: Management Sciences for Health.
Ena J. Optimal use of antibiotics. In: Wenzel, R.P.Prevention and control of nosocomial infection 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
Kunin CM. Resistance to antimicrobial drugs—a worldwide calamity. Annals of internal medicine. 1993 Apr 1;118(7):557-61.
Campbell JD, Sow SO, Levine MM, Kotloff KL. The causes of hospital admission and death among children in Bamako, Mali. Journal of tropical pediatrics. 2004 Jun 1;50(3):158-63.
G'Mariam A. A two year retrospective review of reasons for pediatric admission to Chiro Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Medical Journal. 2005 Jan 1;43(4):241-9.
Lett RR, Kobusingye OC, Ekwaru P. Burden of injury during the complex political emergency in northern Uganda. Canadian Journal of surgery. 2006 Feb;49(1):51.
Verhoef J Surveillance of antibiotic resistance. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;12(4):321-6.
Fonseca LG, Conterno LD. Audit of antibiotic use in a Brazilian University Hospital. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2004;8:272-80.
Shankar PR, Mishra P, Subish P, Upadhyay DK. Can drug utilization help in promoting the more rational use of medicine? Experiences from Western Nepal. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2007 Jul 1;20(3):243-8.
Van Kasteren ME, Kullberg BJ, De Boer AS, Mintjes-de Groot J, Gyssens IC. Adherence to local hospital guidelines for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis: a multicentre audit in Dutch hospitals. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2003 Jun 1;51(6):1389-96.
Arnold SR, Straus SE. Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices in ambulatory care. Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2005(4).
Finkelstein JA, Davis RL, Dowell SF, Metlay JP, Soumerai SB, Rifas-Shiman SL, Higham M, Miller Z, Miroshnik I, Pedan A, Platt R. Reducing antibiotic use in children: a randomized trial in 12 practices. Pediatrics. 2001 Jul 1;108(1):1-7.
Razon Y, Ashkenazi S, Cohen A, Hering E, Amzel S, Babilsky H, Bahir A, Gazala E, Levy I. Effect of educational intervention on antibiotic prescription practices for upper respiratory infections in children: a multicentre study. Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2005 Nov 1;56(5):937-40.
Thamlikitkul V, Danchaivijitr S, Kongpattanakul S, Ckokloikaew S. Impact of an educational program on antibiotic use in a tertiary care hospital in a developing country. Journal of clinical epidemiology. 1998 Sep 1;51(9):773-8.
Burstein VR, Trajano RP, Kravitz RL, Bell RA, Vora D, May LS. Communication interventions to promote the public’s awareness of antibiotics: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2019 Dec;19(1):1-1.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Dr. Makarand Dharma, Dr. Sachin Vahadane, Dr. Shreya Bhate, Dr. Abhijit Shinde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
